Argentina

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Argentina

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INTRODUCTION

Argentina or Argentine Republic, country in South America, occupying most

of the southern half of the continent east of the Andes Mountains. It is the second largest country in area in South America, after Brazil, and the eighth largest country in the world. Argentina’s capital and largest city is Buenos Aires.

Geography of Argentina

 

Area

2,780,400 sq km
1,073,518 sq mi

Coastline

4,989 km
3,100 mi

Highest point

Aconcagua
6,960 m/22,834 ft

Lowest point

Laguna del Carbon
105 m/344 ft below sea level

 


People of Argentina

 

Population

40,677,348 (2008 estimate)

Population density

15 persons per sq km
39 persons per sq mi (2008 estimate)

Urban population distribution

91 percent (2005 estimate)

Rural population distribution

9 percent (2005 estimate)

Largest cities, with population

Buenos Aires, 3,018,102 (2005 estimate)
Córdoba, 1,368,109 (2001)
Rosario, 908,163 (2001)

Official language

Spanish

Chief religious affiliations

Roman Catholic, 91 percent
Jewish, 1 percent
Nonreligious, 2 percent

Life expectancy

76.5 years (2008 estimate)

Infant mortality rate

14 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate)

Literacy rate

97.2 percent (2005 estimate)

 

 

Carlos Saúl Menem

Carlos Saúl Menem, president of Argentina from 1989 to 1999, helped the country through an economic crisis by controlling inflation and reducing government subsidies.

Economy of Argentina

 

Gross domestic product (GDP in U.S.$)

$214 billion (2006)

GDP per capita (U.S.$)

$5,474.50 (2006)

Monetary unit

1 peso, consisting of 100 centavos

Number of workers

18,764,668 (2006)

Unemployment rate

10.2 percent (2006)

 

M

Recent Events


Fernando de la Rúa

In 1999 Fernando de la Rúa was elected president of Argentina. His government instituted an economic austerity program in 2001 to try to improve the country’s declining economy. After protests and riots broke out in response to the program, de la Rúa resigned as president.


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